Do immigrants take or create natives' jobs? Evidence of Venezuelan immigration in Peru

Produced by: 
Available from: 
March 2022
Paper author(s): 
Celia P. Vera
Bruno Jiménez
Topic: 
Demographic Economics - Migration
Labor
Year: 
2022

Peru is the second largest host nation of Venezuelan migrants. This paper combines newly available data on Venezuelans residing in Peru and the Peruvian Household Survey to assess the impact of migration on natives’ labor market outcomes. We first rely upon education-experience groups to define labor markets and find that immigration does not affect the wages of competing native workers. We then slice the labor market into occupations based on the observation that in Peru, immigrants and natives with similar education and experience are likely to work in different occupations. Our instrumental variable estimates confirm the null effect on wages. We finally examine whether natives respond with changes in employment and find that 10 Venezuelan workers create informal employment for 38 Peruvians and displace 13 Peruvians from formal jobs, suggesting a change in the Peruvian employment composition toward informality.

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